On this day
April 19
1587 Sir Francis Drake sank the Spanish fleet in Cádiz harbour.
1713. With no living male heirs, Emperor Charles VI issued the Pragmatic Sanction of 1713 to ensure that Habsburg lands and the Austrian throne would be inherited by his daughter, Maria Theresa (not actually born until 1717).
1775. The American Revolution began with the The Battle of Lexington and Concord.
1782. John Adams secured the Dutch Republic's recognition of the United States as an independent government and a house he purchased in The Hague, Netherlands became the first American embassy.
1839. The Treaty of London established Belgium as a kingdom.
1892. Charles Duryea claimed to have driven the first automobile in the United States, in Springfield, Massachusetts.
1933. President Franklin D. Roosevelt announced the United States would be abandoning the gold standard.
1943. German troops entered the Warsaw ghetto to round up the remaining Jews, beginning the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising.
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